BBC On The Record - Broadcast: 04.03.01

Film: David Grossman explains why the main political parties may not be able to champion marriage as each tries to claim the family as its own issue.



DAVID GROSSMAN: The last thing on Kate De Chenu's mind is politics. But as she tries on her wedding dress she can be sure the politicians are thinking about her. The main parties are falling over each other to sound firmly pro-family but each party has problems with the question of whether the state should reward those who marry. As many a best man can testify - a few unfortunate sounding words in a speech and the whole party can disintegrate into tears and recriminations. That hair trigger volatility is true too within political parties when the subject of marriage and family policy comes up. In both Labour and the Conservatives behind the demure veil of official policy lies the angry blush of disagreement. CERIDWEN ROBERTS: Within both parties, it seems to me there are people who would in a sense, in family policy terms, fit equally well in the other one. IAN TAYLOR MP: It's very important that, that the state doesn't try to favour one part of a society by appearing to penalise the other - for example children of married couples are of course happy and contented, and we'd like them to stay that way, but that doesn't mean to say that we want children of unmarried couples to be miserable. GROSSMAN: Kate and her bridesmaids have a few nerves to settle before the big day. Modern couples know it takes more than a day's worth of sparkle to sustain a marriage. Today two in five end in divorce. But that doesn't mean marriage is any less popular among voters- it's just that today life is far more complicated with people going through far more phases during adulthood. ROBERTS: The vast majority of people get married at least one, and the popularity of marriage I think can still be seen by the fact that people are increasingly re-marrying. A large proportion of, of marriages are second or third marriages. With that said, it has taken a bit of a knock for a variety of reasons. One reason of course is that people are delaying the age at which they get marriage, so that we have co-habitation as a sort of pre-marriage state for the vast majority of young people, they will cohabit. We also have divorce, so that is in fact reducing the number of the adult population who at any one point in time will be married. GROSSMAN: Labour believes it's laid out an impressive gift list for families. Child Benefit has been increased. The new Working Families tax credit guarantees the take home pay of families with a breadwinner, while the Children's tax credit gives some families up to an extra four-hundred-and-forty-two pounds a year. And the party says it's provided more child-care places and improved maternity leave. These Labour gifts aren't actually wedding presents - none of the policies they contain require the recipients to be married. In terms of tax and benefit the government doesn't mind what kind of relationship people are in, or indeed if they're in a relationship at all. ALISTAIR DARLING MP: Were we to say, okay, we'll support the children of people who are married and not other children, how could you go to a four year-old and say, we'll support you, because your mum and dad are married, but go to another four year old and say, sorry we can't support you because of circumstances beyond your control, your parents aren't living together? That would be nonsense, that would be absurd. GROSSMAN: The Prime Minister clearly believes in marriage. TONY BLAIR:(CLIP) Whatever our individual weaknesses are, our collective strength lies in making the institution of the family work for the good of Britain. GROSSMAN: He and other senior cabinet ministers like to suggest they think marriage is the ideal. JACK STRAW: (CLIP) It plainly makes sense for government to do what it can to strengthen the institution of marriage as a basis for bringing up children. GROSSMAN: But the Prime Minister has encountered opposition to his desire to enshrine the pre-eminence of marriage in policy, A White Paper containing this view was seemingly abandoned because some Labour senior ministers thought the line an implicit criticism of single parents and those who cohabit. DEREK FOSTER MP: There are different views within parties as there are across parties. I mean the Prime Minister has made it absolutely clear that he favours marriage certainly as the best way of bringing up children. He has said this on many public platforms. It would be my own view too. It is not only a tension within the party, it is a tension within society at large. ROBERTS: I think it's quite understandable why the upper echelons of the Labour party are very nervous, even though they may personally support marriage, in making public pronouncements. They feel it would be stigmatizing certain groups of society and it would be also intervening in making statements about people's private choices. The really big issue for public debate I think is that private choices have public consequences, and I would say that's where the debate about marriage and family life and family stability has to go in the next twenty years. GROSSMAN: There's one more job for Kate to do - after all a bride without flowers wouldn't be traditional. The Conservative leader William Hague too has a traditional view of marriage. The party has assembled what it thinks is an impressive bunch of policies - with at its centre-piece a financial commitment to married couples. Some parts of the Tories list of presents for families sounds very similar to Labour's. There are family scholarships to help parents get back to work after bringing up children, also a two hundred pound increase in the Children's tax credit, but some of the presents are rather more in traditional Tory taste. A reinstatement of married couples tax allowance for those with pre-secondary school-age children and tax free pensions for widows and widowers both specifically designed to favour the married over the unmarried. . DAVID WILLETTS MP: Marriage is, we can all see very clearly just as a factual observation, the best environment wherever possible for bringing up children. And so and if we adults have a choice whether they get married, nobody's being forced to get married, if they choose to get married, we think it's right that that should be recognised in the tax system. TAYLOR: The number of people choosing to live together but not necessarily getting married, and of course the number of, of children of single parents, has been rising. Now you can't just pretend that that's not happening; and I don't think it's appropriate for the tax system suddenly to discriminate against a large number of British people who for reasons that they've chosen deliberately, or by accident, don't fit a particular pattern. GROSSMAN: Kate's groom is Simon, flanked by his best man and father he has work to do. Critics of the Tories' married couples tax allowance say it may look traditional, but unlike this trio it just doesn't pass muster. MUSIC The party had promised that it would bring back the allowance for all married couples, but in the end, settled for the far cheaper option of giving it to couples with a child under eleven. Mere tokenism, say the other parties. STEVE WEBB MP: We can all be in favour of the family and it doesn't cost any money to say that. But when they're pinned down onto hard cash, we get a married tax allowance that turns out to miss out five out of six married couples, so it clearly is much more about sounding right than actually doing anything substantial. ACTUALITY. GROSSMAN: This practice will hopefully make Kate and Simon word perfect on the day. Some Tories believe the contest for London Mayor was a useful rehearsal for the general election. The Tory candidate Steve Norris fought a socially liberal campaign. His appeals to those with non-traditional lifestyles did not go down well with the Tory leadership. But the Conservative leader William Hague isn't trying to win over progressive thinking voters. A senior Tory who dines on the party's top table told me that Mr Hague's policy on marriage and the family is simply designed to reassure the party's core supporters. In an election where turnout could be very low, Mr. Hague wants to make sure that at least the die hard reliables will turn out to say "I do." But some Conservative backbenchers think that strategy smacks of defeatism. TAYLOR: I hope a campaign that we saw in the London elections indicates that we Conservatives really want to try to represent everyone in our society, there's - there's no niche that we're just aiming our attentions to. We are inclusive as a party; we believe in government trying to be compassionate, which means helping those most in need; and those in need come from all sorts of social and cultural backgrounds. Now until we get that message across we will be regarded as only representing a small proportion of the British people and that will keep us out of government. GROSSMAN: And even those who might in private agree with Tony Blair's pro-marriage beliefs, think politicians are at their most unconvincing when trying to preach family values. FOSTER: I think that it is far better to be realistic and see the changing pattern of relationships whether you personally approve of it or not, recognise that people are going to pursue their relationships like that and try and take them into account in your own policies. GROSSMAN: The big day is here at last - the dress and the flowers are perfect. The domestic in-fighting among politicians about marriage and the family has no impact here, the subtleties of policy differences completely lost. For all their positioning on the subject in advance of their own big election day, it may be that there are some parts of our family lives where, try as they might, the politicians just aren't invited.
NB. This transcript was typed from a transcription unit recording and not copied from an original script. Because of the possibility of mis-hearing and the difficulty, in some cases, of identifying individual speakers, the BBC cannot vouch for its accuracy.