Interview with Menzies Campbell




 
 
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                                 ON THE RECORD 
                           MENZIES CAMPBELL INTERVIEW    
 

RECORDED FROM TRANSMISSION BBC-1                                  DATE: 23.3.97
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JOHN HUMPHRYS:                         David Grossman reporting there.  For the 
last three General Elections, the Liberal-Democrats' share of the vote has been 
tumbling, from twenty-six per cent, to twenty-three per cent to eighteen per 
cent last time.  This time the polls suggest it will be even lower, so the 
inevitable question arises, are they in danger of being marginalised in the 
political debate?  Menzies Campbell is their Foreign Affairs spokesman.   
 
                                       Mr Campbell, the new thing in this 
election of course are these debates - the leader debates if they happen on 
television.  It's looking as if you're going to marginalised there too doesn't 
it? 
 
MENZIES CAMPBELL:                      Well if the proposal is put forward 
which doesn't have Paddy Ashdown playing an equal part with John Major and Tony 
Blair, if necessary we're prepared to go to law.  I don't think we need to get 
to that because of course the principle's already been established.  Kenneth 
Clarke has agreed to meet the Shadow Chancellor Gordon Brown and our Treasury 
spokesman Malcolm Bruce, and in fact even as this programme's going on another 
channel there's a debate on Home Affairs involving the Home Secretary, Jack 
Straw the Shadow Home Secretary and Alex Carlisle the spokesman on Home Affairs 
for the Liberal-Democrats.  The principle of having debates involving all three 
parties is well established and there's absolutely no reason why that principle 
should not apply to any debates among the leaders. 
 
HUMPHRYS:                              So your absolute bottom line, to use 
that hateful expression, is that unless Mr Ashdown is treated in the same way 
as Mr Blair and Mr Major in a televised debate you will go to court. 
 
CAMPBELL:                              Yes.  You wouldn't expect us to do 
anything other than that.  This is an issue of principle, it's an issue of 
great importance to us, it's an issue obviously of importance to both Mr Major 
and Mr Blair otherwise the proposal would not have been made and the challenge 
if you like, would not have been accepted.  We believe we are entitled to be 
part of that debate - we're fighting every constituency in this General 
Election, and we shall be aiming to consolidate our position as the second 
party of local government in England and Wales in the council elections which 
take place on the same day as the General Election.  We have every electoral 
and every moral right to be present in that debate. 
 
HUMPHRYS:                              Right.  Present in that debate, but 
they're saying now things like: Well, he could be kind of off the stage a 
little bit like the pantomime horse - perhaps he could be interviewed 
separately. You'd have to two other leaders head to head in mortal combat, and 
your man off in some cupboard somewhere or you know, pushed to one side being 
interviewed separately.  You wouldn't wear that? 
 
CAMPBELL:                              No.   Not only that, it would be 
unsatisfactory for us, it would be unsatisfactory for the electorate, eighty 
per cent of whom I understand in an opinion poll have said, if there is a 
debate Mr Ashdown ought to be present and part of it. 
 
INTERRUPTIONS                   
 
HUMPHRYS:                              But I mean they don't think Mr Ashdown's 
going to be the next Prime Minister, that's the point. 
 
CAMPBELL:                              Well, if you want to do all this in 
opinion polls, quite a lot of people don't seem to think that Mr Major may be 
the next Prime Minister.  If the suggestion is ...
 
HUMPHRYS:                              More likely than Mr Ashdown. 
 
CAMPBELL:                              If the suggestion is that Mr Ashdown is 
to be the kind of commercial break between the two bouts of wrestling between 
Blair and Major that is unacceptable.  Mr Ashdown should be present and he 
should take an equal part in the proceedings.  That's what he's entitled to and 
that's what I believe the electorate are entitled to see.
                                                  
HUMPHRYS:                              And to be quite clear, if you can't get 
it on those terms you are prepared to torpedo the whole thing? 
 
CAMPBELL:                              We're prepared to go to law in order to 
ensure that we get the representation to which we are entitled. 
 
HUMPHRYS:                              Even if that means killing off the whole 
thing? 
 
CAMPBELL:                              If what is proposed is unfair and is 
found to be unfair by the court, then the consequence of our going to law would 
be that the debate might not take place. (INTERRUPTION) That is a consequence I 
am certainly prepared to live with. 
 
HUMPHRYS:                              But of course the court might say: yes 
of course Mr Ashdown must be part of the debate.   How he's a part of it we 
leave it entirely to the broadcasters to decide.  If the broadcasters then 
said, "We'll have him there but we won't have him there on precisely the same 
terms", would he take part? 
 
CAMPBELL:                              Well, that's a long way down the track.  
There are about three different hypothes in there and I'm not prepared to 
answer any of them.  Our bottom line to use your own expression a moment of two 
ago, is if Mr Ashdown is not to be given equal prominence in any debate of that 
kind we are willing to go to law to try to enforce that. 
 
HUMPHRYS:                              If you are not going to be marginalised 
in future elections, you need more MPs.  To get more MPs you need it seems, 
electoral reform.  Therefore QED you need Mr Blair if he's going to be the next 
Prime Minister, you need his support.  You haven't got his support for the 
kinds of reforms that you want at the moment.  That's a problem for you isn't 
it? 
 
CAMPBELL:                              We haven't yet got Mr Blair's support, 
but we've got the support of the Labour Party for a commission to be 
established immediately after the General Election with the remit to report 
within twelve months on an alternative proportional system to the existing 
first past the post system which will be then be put to the people of the 
United Kingdom in the form of a referendum.  We may not yet have Mr Blair's 
support but we are pretty confident in the referendum of getting the support of 
the people of the United Kingdom. 
 
HUMPHRYS:                              But if Mr Blair is Prime Minister his 
support is going to be crucial isn't it.  And you're not going to get his 
support are you? I mean look at what he said.  There are two criteria as far as 
he's concerned for any kind of electoral reform.  MPs must be linked to the 
constituency which may or may not be solvable, but it must be able to deliver 
strong government, and we know what he means by strong government.  So 
therefore he's saying : Sorry guys, not going to do it.   
 
CAMPBELL:                              But Mr Blair and his colleagues have 
already accepted the additional member system for the Scottish parliament to 
which they subscribe along with us, and that maintains the link between MPs and 
their constituencies and provides a top up so as to ensure that there's a 
sufficient number of MPs to represent the votes that any one party has got. 
 
HUMPHRYS:                              Hold on, hold on.   ... criteria for a 
Scottish parliament did he, in the same way that he did for a British 
parliament. 
 
CAMPBELL:                              No, but he's accepted them, and the 
point is that that will give us strong government.  And if looking for strong 
government, then the msot successful economy in Europe perhaps not so quite so 
much at the moment, but the most successful economy in Europe since 
nineteen-forty-five has been the German economy where they've had precisely 
this system because the British imposed it upon them as part of post-war German 
recronstruction. 
 
HUMPHRYS:                              But why should Mr Blair, given that he 
gets a decent majority in the comming election - why should he - they've 
waited eighteen years for this - why should he suddenly roll over and say, 
"Alright we'll give the Liberal-Democrats what they want, because they're nice 
guys really?" 
 
CAMPBELL                               Well, I hope he thinks we're nice guys, 
but I can tell him we're a bit tougher than that.  The issue is not what suits 
Mr Blair, or indeed what suits the Liberal-Democrats.  The issue is what suits 
the constitution of the United Kingdom, of what suits strong government in this 
country.  And the fact of the matter is that we have in recent times had 
elections in which on forty odd per cent - forty-two per cent I think the best 
Mrs Thatcher ever got, measures were rammed through which had no overall 
popular support in this country.  Proportional representation is the way by 
which we ensure that government in this country enjoys the consent of the 
majority of the people.  That makes much more sense than what we have now. 
 
HUMPHRYS:                              But if Mr Blair doesn't matter that much 
- and you keep saying what the Labour Party wants and what the people want - if 
Mr Blair doesn't matter then why does your leader Mr Ashdown constantly say Mr 
Blair must support this, he got to, it's essential that he gives this his 
support?.                                                                    
 
CAMPBELL:                              Well, I'm not sure that I have heard him 
say that, but if he is saying it, then all he's doing is trying to persuade Mr 
Blair and if you like the other fifty-four-point nine million people of the 
United Kingdom that this is the proper electoral system to have. 
 
HUMPHRYS:                              But he is your nightmare isn't it, that 
you get (INTERRUPTION).. I'm going to draw a little picture for you, I'm going 
to present the nightmare to you.  You have the referendum that you so badly 
want, but you have the leader of the Conservative Party and it appears the 
leader of the Labour Party who may or not be Prime Minister at the time saying: 
We don't much care for this.  It's then going to fall isn't it, and you're 
further back from the kind of electoral reform you want than you've been.  
You've lost it for a generation haven't you? 
 
CAMPBELL:                              Well, I'm not sure that's...if that's a 
nightmare I've woken up and I'm afraid to say I'm not screaming because, of 
course, the Tories would oppose this for very obvious reasons.  They have had a 
lot of benefit out of the first past the post system and they hope to do so in 
the future.  As to Mr Blair, I hope we can still persuade him.  Mr Blair's not 
the only person with an interest in this matter.  
 
                                       Robin Cook, for example, who's one of 
his most senior lieutenants - likely to be the Foreign Secretary - a very 
powerful force in the Labour Party, Head of their Policy Division or their 
Senior Policy Committee, a co-sponsor, along with Robert MacLennan of the joint 
document between our two Parties.  He favours Proportional Representation.  
There are people in all Parties who favour Proportional Representation.  What 
our commission would do, would give us the opportunity to ask the people of the 
United Kingdom what they think.   
 
HUMPHRYS:                              Let's have a look at Constitutional 
reform, the broader picture.  Again, it would appear, wouldn't it that you've 
been marginalised by Labour, taking a couple of examples: you always wanted a 
Welsh Parliament, you're now, it appears, going to have to settle for a talking 
shop - a glorified County Council, if you like.  
 
CAMPBELL:                              Well can we deal with it because I know 
Wales is dear to your heart. We argue for a Welsh Senate, a different form of 
Local Government. 
 
HUMPHRYS:                              With powers - legislative powers.  
 
CAMPBELL:                              Yes, but perhaps, on a slightly 
different model from the Scottish one.  But the important thing about the Welsh 
Assembly, which this document endorses is that it's to be elected by 
Prorportional Representation.  Now, this is an indication of the fact that in 
these exchanges, in these discussions we achieved a very substantial number of 
our objectives.  
 
                                       We didn't get everything but then that 
doesn't happen in negotiation.  What we certainly got was a much better 
Constitutional framework potentially for the United Kingdom. Freedom of 
information of information in co-operation of the European Convention of Human 
Rights into British domestic law.  A reform of Parliament, Home Rule for 
Scotland. 
 
HUMPHRYS:                              Well, take a couple there.. 
 
CAMPBELL:                              Aren't these important?   
 
HUMPHRYS:                              Well, yeah, but look where you've had to 
back down in those areas: Home Rule for Parliament?  Yes, but there are going 
to be referendums before it happens, which you didn't want to have; reform of 
the House of Lords.  You wanted the Second Chamber to be elected: you're now 
going to have to settle for it being a glorified quango - at least for the 
first five years.  So many areas where you've had to back down and say: well, 
OK.  
 
CAMPBELL:                              Well, let's take the second of these 
first.  Abolition of the hereditary principle.  That's an essential precursor 
to having an elected chamber.  
 
HUMPHRYS:                              Which they'd always been prepared to 
settle for.   
 
CAMPBELL:                              And in relation to Scotland: certainly, 
I didn't want a referendum.  If I may quote John Smith: It's the settled will 
of the people of Scotland to have their own Parliament.  If there is to be a 
referendum, we shall oppose it in the House of Commons.  We won't obstruct it.  
There'll have to be a vote, there'll have to be a Second Reading vote - I 
propose to vote against it.  But, that's the will of the House of Commons and 
there is then a referendum with two questions.  You can bet everything you own 
that the Liberal Democrats will campaign up and down the length and breadth of 
the country to ensure that we have Yes answers to both both of the questions. 
 
HUMPHRYS:                              Let's have a look at sleaze because that 
is something else that's reared its ugly head, right at the start of this 
campaign.  It was one of your people, one of your MPs... 
 
CAMPBELL:                              Simon Hughes.   
 
HUMPHRYS:                              Simon Hughes who raised it. What would 
you now be doing differently? Would you, yourself, choose to be doing 
differently from what others are doing? 
 
CAMPBELL:                              Well, I think, we must now look forward. 
I hope this campaign  - Election Campaign - is not going to be dogged by this 
issue because, as Gordon Brown's just demonstrated there are some quite - and, 
your questioning demonstrated - there are some quite important issues, of other 
kinds, to be dealt with.  
 
                                       But, I, personally, believe that we've 
now reached the stage where Members of Parliament should be lodging their 
Income Tax returns with the Registrar, Sir Gordon Downey and if he's not 
satisfied he should be entitled to ask for additional information.  And, if a 
Member declines to lodge his Income Tax return, or if he lodges a defective 
return, then, it certainly, should be grounds for disqualification from the 
House of Commons.  We need to re-establish the confidence of the public in 
Parliament - the events of the last week have done nothing for that.    
 
HUMPHRYS:                              Gordon Downey hasn't asked for 
this to happen.  Nobody else has asked for this to happen.  Are you saying that 
our Honourable MPs are so potentially dishonourable that it's come to this? 
 
CAMPBELL:                              What I say is that the importance of 
re-establishing confidence in Parliament is such that we have to be willing to 
consider measures of the kind I personally have just suggested.  Honourable 
Members?  The events of the last two or three days tell us that there were 
Honourable Members getting fifty pound notes in brown envelopes - is that the 
kind of democracy we're prepared to tolerate?  I tell you this: I don't believe 
it's the kind of democracy the people of the United Kingdom are willing to 
tolerate? 
 
HUMPHRYS:                              You would be prepared personally, as an 
MP to tell us all how much because you quite properly you're an advocate - you 
do other work.  You'd be perfectly happy for us to know how much money you 
earn? 
 
CAMPBELL:                              Yes.  I do two or three weeks a year now 
at the Bar. I'm perfectly happy to tell the Registrar precisely what I earn 
from that and to make a full declaration.  
 
HUMPHRYS:                              And ultimately the British people. 
 
CAMPBELL:                              Well, I think, there's a question about 
that as to how far you go.   
 
HUMPHRYS:                              But, you might go that far? 
 
CAMPBELL:                              Yes, there could be arguments about 
invasion of privacy. But you then have to ask yourself: balance hat argument 
about privacy against the overwhelming requirement to restore public confidence 
in the political system.  If it's necessary to restore confidence by allowing 
people to know what the details of my private financial position is I'm willing 
to go that far. 
 
HUMPHRYS:                              Menzies Campbell, thank you very much, 
indeed.    
 
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